A non-exhaustive list of all those sanctioned by China:

• Iain Duncan Smith, former Conservative Party leader,
• Tom Tugendhat, who leads the China Research Group and is chairman of the UK’s Foreign Affairs Committee,
• Neil O’Brien, who was a special adviser to ex-PM Theresa May,
• Tim Loughton, MP for East Worthing and Shoreham since 1997,
• Nusrat Ghani, MP for Wealden in East Sussex since 2015.

• Baroness Helena Kennedy, who is a Scottish barrister, broadcaster and Labour Lords member,
• Lord David Alton, who has sat as a crossbench member of the Lords since 1997.

• Geoffrey Nice, a barrister who has acted as a part-time judge at the Old Bailey since the 1980s,
• Newcastle University’s Joanne Nicola Smith Finley, who is a Uighur expert.

China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced earlier it would sanction nine British citizens, including MPs, peers and an academic, in retaliation to the UK imposing similar penalties on China for its treatment of Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang.

It has also sanctioned four British businesses which Chinese officials feel have played a part in spreading “disinformation” about their regime.

Those sanctioned are: Tory MPs Iain Duncan Smith, Tom Tugendhat, Neil O’Brien, Tim Loughton and Nusrat Ghani, peers Baroness Helena Kennedy and Lord David Alton, barrister Geoffrey Nice, as well as Newcastle University’s Joanne Nicola Smith Finley.

The groups named were the China Research Group, the Conservative Party Human Rights Commission, Uyghur Tribunal and Essex Court Chambers.

So, what do the three sanctions actually mean?

• No one named can enter China
• Any property the people or businesses own will be frozen
• No Chinese citizen is permitted to conduct business with sanctioned people or groups

It remains to be seen if the UK government will issue further sanctions as a result of China’s retaliation, but what is clear is that the spat will make it difficult for the two nations to conduct trade and general business.

The chairman of Britain’s Foreign Affairs Committee, who is one of the MPs sanctioned by China, has described the penalties as an “attempt to silence the people that the British public have chosen to speak for them”.

Tom Tugendhat, leader of China Research Group – which has also been sanctioned – told BBC News on Friday: “I was elected to chair the foreign affairs committee, so I view this as a direct assault on British democracy and an attempt to silence the people that the British public have chosen to speak for them.”

He added: “If that isn’t an assault on British sovereignty, I don’t know what is.”

Referring to the Brexit process, Mr Tugendhat said there had been “many references to British sovereignty recently” and joked: “There’s no point taking back control from Brussels only to hand it over to Beijing.”

Mr Tugendhat, MP for Tonbridge and Malling, in Kent, also said it was “striking” that China was punishing people for trying to protect its own citizens.

“It’s striking that those who speak about the human rights violations of Chinese citizens are condemned by the Chinese Communist Party,” he said.

“Let’s be quite clear, we aren’t talking about just anybody’s rights but Chinese citizens whose rights have been violated, they’ve been raped, sterilised, and their cultures have been destroyed.”

When asked how the government might retaliate to the sanctions, Mr Tugendhat said the UK government “should make it absolutely plain today and now that it stands with the democratic rights of the British people to express their views in whatever ways they see fit”.

Our columnist Mary Dejevsky has assessed the disparity in how Britain treats Russia, it closest superpower, versus how it treats China, a much bigger but further power.

“Over the past couple of weeks, as most “normal” people have been talking about the timetable for vaccinations and when they can meet more than one household indoors or even go abroad on holiday, foreign policy practitioners and wonks have been immersed in the UK government’s blandly named Integrated Review, and its companion, the Defence Command Paper.

Together, the two documents are more realistic, in the sense of being less ideological and in the sense of being a little more modest and collaborative, less bombastically Rule Britannia, than many had envisaged – or than some of the advanced billing had (deliberately?) suggested. And thank goodness, at least, for that. Perpetually laying claim to a global leadership role that the UK is neither equipped nor qualified to exercise becomes as self-defeating and exhausting over time as it appears presumptuous. Could this country finally be starting – tentatively if is true – to accept our limitations as a medium-sized country at the northwestern edge of Europe and act accordingly?

Well, yes – and no. At first sight, the review perpetuates one big contradiction in the UK’s big-power relationships. There is still a glaring double standard between how the UK treats our nearest big neighbour, Russia, and how it treats the further, much bigger and rising power, China.”

Read her thinking in full over at Independent Premium:

The Inter-Parliamentary Alliance on China (IPAC) has condemned China’s sanctions on UK parliamentarians as a “flagrant assault” on democracy and said there would be no change in members’ approach to criticising the East Asian nation’s treatment of Uighur Muslims.

Five of those sanctioned are IPAC members: Tory MPs Sir Iain Duncan Smith, Nusrat Ghani and Tim Loughton, and peers Baroness Kennedy and Lord Alton.

“The decision to sanction five of our British members is a flagrant assault on those parliamentarians’ rights to conduct their duties,” an IPAC spokesman said.

Communities secretary Robert Jenrick also added his voice to the row, calling the move by China “completely wrong”.

He told Times Radio: “I think it was completely wrong for China to place these restrictions on members of our parliament, who were simply exercising their democratic right in this country. Knowing those MPs, I doubt that they will be silenced or intimidated by this action and the UK certainly won’t step back from its important role in calling out China for its human rights abuses.

“We’ve been leading the world in that respect, at the United Nations and with our international partners, and I know the foreign secretary will continue that work.”

“We’ve already applied restrictions on certain Chinese individuals and we’re taking action against companies which are importing products into the UK and other markets from those provinces in China – that’s the right course and the foreign secretary will keep up that work on the international stage.”

He added: “We completely condemn the action we’ve heard from China this morning.”

A government programme to support vulnerable families is poised to move into its next phase, backed by £165m in funding.

The scheme, previously known as the Troubled Families programme and renamed as the Supporting Families programme, sees vulnerable families assigned a dedicated keyworker, who brings local services together to resolve issues facing families at an early stage before they develop into more significant problems.

More than 400,000 vulnerable families have received help through the programme since 2015, according to the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG).

The programme, which began in 2012, includes work supporting people to leave abusive relationships, access support for mental health issues and helps people to find work.

Figures suggest the proportion of children supported by the scheme going into care reduced by a third, while the proportion of adults going to prison reduced by a quarter, according to MHCLG.

Some of the MPs sanctioned by China, in retaliation for sanctions the UK imposed on Chinese officials over the treatment of Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang, have begun responding to the news.

Former Conservative Party leader Iain Duncan Smith said he considered being the target of Chinese sanctions as a “badge of honour”.

Tory MP Nusrat Ghani told BBC Radio 4’s Today programme: “This is a wake-up call for all democratic countries and lawmakers that we will not be able to conduct our day-to-day business without China sanctioning us for just attempting to expose what’s happening in Xinjiang and the abuse against the Uighurs.

“To sanction MPs who are just doing their jobs here in the UK is extraordinary. I know I won’t be intimidated, this has now made me feel even more determined to speak about the Uighur.”

Meanwhile, Dominic Raab urged Beijing to allow the UN access to Xinjiang in order to prove sanctioned criticisers wrong.

“While the UK joins the international community to sanction human rights abuses, Chinese govt sanctions its critics. If Beijing want to credibly rebut claims of human rights abuses in Xinjiang, it should give ⁦@UNHumanRights⁩ access to verify facts,” the foreign secretary wrote on Twitter.

Communities secretary Robert Jenrick has said there is “no immediate plan” for people to need vaccine passports when pubs reopen.

It comes after widespread criticism for the potential policy on Thursday, with hundreds of thousands of British people raising concerns about the inequality and injustice it could cause to unvaccinated people trying to ‘get back to normal’.

The Mirror’s political correspondent Lizzy Buchan reports:

The UK’s loss of access to EU policing data has been branded “concerning” by peers, who have said they fear new law enforcement arrangements put in place after Brexit are “complex” and “untested”.

Having examined security provisions in the Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA), introduced after the UK left the EU, the Lords EU Security and Justice Sub-Committee warned “significant areas are missing” and “many important details are still to be agreed”.

The report highlights the UK’s loss of access to the EU’s Schengen Information System II (SIS II) criminal database as the “most significant gap in terms of lost capability”. The committee described this as an “area of concern” and recommended parliament monitor whether alternative arrangements were providing equivalent access to information.

Government officials previously insisted the UK is not missing out on intelligence about wanted criminals after losing access to SIS II alerts about people and stolen items such as guns and cars, which it has been using since 2015.

As a result some 40,000 alerts on dangerous criminals and wanted suspects had to be deleted at the end of December, when the post-Brexit transition period ended.

British negotiators had sought to maintain access to the system as part of a deal, following concerns raised by police chiefs, but the EU said it was legally impossible to offer access to any country not in the Schengen area, including the UK.

The findings also described new extradition arrangements as “ambitious”.

National Crime Agency (NCA) and the National Police Chiefs’ Council (NPCC) bosses have previously expressed confidence in the agreement.